The acoustic characteristics of clause, sentence and paragraph boundaries in Chinese Putonghua

The acoustic and perceptive characteristics of discourse units, including clauses, simple sentences, compound sentences and paragraphs, were studied. The acoustic characteristics were based on the analysis of a speech corpus consisted of ten monologues. The Perceived Boundary Strength (PBS) of the monologues was labeled on a five-point scale by 25 participants. The main results are as follows: (1) There is a significant difference in the PBS of clauses (corresponding to intonational phrase), sentences (including simple sentences and compound sentences) and paragraphs. But the PBS of simple sentences and compound sentences is the same, and the pitch reset and pause are also not significantly different between these two kinds of boundaries. (2) The pitch-based cue used to distinguish clauses, sentences and paragraphs appears to be the difference between pre- and post-boundary syllables, but not simply the pitch value of either syllable alone. (3) Declination mainly occurs within intonational phrases, whereas there is no consistent global declination in sentences or in paragraphs. (4) Pauses are longer and more varied at the boundary of larger discourse units. Moreover, there is a significant positive correlation between pause duration and degree of pitch reset at clause boundaries, but not at sentence or paragraph boundaries.     

Photoluminescent properties and Raman spectra of ZnO-based scintillating glasses

Glasses in SiO₂–ZnO–BaO system with the different ZnO/BaO ratio were studied. In some cases, BaF₂ was introduced to substitute for BaO on the equal base. Photoluminescent spectra showed that ZnO in glass matrices behaved somewhat differently from ZnO crystals. Especially, the introduction of fluorine ions led to dramatic shift of UV emission band of glasses closer to that of ZnO crystals. Raman spectral analysis provided consistent results. In particular, Raman bands in the high frequency region are sensitive to effects of different ZnO/BaO or BaF₂/BaO ratio on structure of glasses.     

用遗传算法研究Con(n=3-60)团簇的结构特性

我们采用半经验的Gupta多体势结合遗传算法,系统地研究了Con(n=3-60)团簇的几何结构特性.我们发现在钴团簇的生长中存在一个类fcc构型与类Ih构型之间的竞争,从n=39开始,钴团簇呈现出明显的Ih生长模式.Con(n=3-60)团簇的幻数为13,19,23,38,55,结合钴团簇的平均最近邻原子间距和平均配位数,分析了钴团簇幻数序列存在的原因.我们发现团簇内部原子具有增强团簇对称性和加强团簇稳定性的显著作用.     

高考预效度的混合估计

用传统的预测效度估计法估计高考预测效度，其估计值往往偏低。为此，本文应用回归分析中混合估计理论提出了高考预测效度的混合估计。这种估计是预测效度的无偏估计，并解决了预测效度估计值偏低的问题。     

CuX(X=Al, Ga, In)分子的势能函数与稳定性的密度泛函研究

根据原子分子反应静力学原理导出了CuX(X=Al,Ga,In) 分子基态电子状态及其离解极限,并在B3LYP/LANL2DZ水平上计算了平衡几何、振动频率和解离能.利用Murrell-Sorbie 函数拟合出了解析势能函数,并计算出光谱参数和力常数.计算结果表明该分子体系是稳定存在的,其稳定性排序为 CuAl＞CuGa＞CuIn.     

氢离子与碳膜相互作用的实验研究

此文报道了H+、H+2和H+3离子通过碳膜后,在其中产生的各种微量产物的测量结果.讨论了离子与碳膜作用中的电荷交换过程.分析了这些微量产物的形成机理.实验证明在产物的形成中电荷交换过程起关键作用.研究了离子与碳膜作用中的团簇效应和尾流效应.     

用干涉方法测量薄膜应力

基于基片弯曲法和牛顿环的基本原理,使用He-Ne激光器、扩束镜、凸透镜和带分光镜的移测显微镜,搭建了薄膜应力测量装置.采用直流溅射法制备了厚度为30~144 nm的银薄膜,衬底采用厚度为0.15 mm、直径为18 mm的圆形玻璃片.实验发现,薄膜厚度对银薄膜的内应力有显著的影响,在薄膜厚度很小时,随着薄膜厚度的增加,应力迅速增大,达到最大值后,随着厚度的继续增加,薄膜应力下降较快并趋于稳定值.     

The fabrication and characterization of poly(lactic acid) scaffolds for tissue engineering by improved solid–liquid phase separation

In this article a new technique was developed to fabricate scaffolds with a unique microstructure by solid–liquid separation in combination with particulate-leaching. Firstly, the effects of polymer concentration, quenching temperature on the porous morphology and the mechanical property of obtained scaffolds during solid–liquid separation have been investigated. Then, salt granules as porogen were introduced into the solid–liquid phase separation to produce the unique pore structure of the scaffold. The pore diameter of the scaffold could be controlled with the particulate size and the wall of pores possessed special microstructure, which enhanced the pore interconnectivity. The cell culture results confirmed that a good interconnectivity of the scaffold prepared by the improved solid–liquid separation was useful for nutrition transportation and cell proliferation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Characteristic of Threading Dislocation in Different Structures GaN Films Grown by MOCVD

Three mechanisms to reduce threading dislocations(TDs) in GaN films as the epitaxial films grow thicker are suggested by SEM and TEM     

高反射率p-GaN欧姆接触电极

根据光学薄膜原理计算了GaN/Ti/Ag、GaN/Al和GaN/Ni/Au/Ti/Ag、GaN/Ni/Au/Al多层电极结构的反射率,得出Ag基和Al基反射电极均能在全角范围内提供较高的反射率。实验测量结果表明,反射率能高于80%的Ag基反射电极,具有低欧姆接触的电学特性。并将GaN/Ni/Au/Ti/Ag多层反射电极应用在上下电极结构的GaN基LED中。实验上采用两步合金法获得了低接触电阻、高反射率的电极结构,并引入Ni/Au覆盖层克服了Ag高温时的团聚和氧化现象。解决了Ag电极的稳定性问题,显著地提高了LED的出光效率,成功制备了具有上下电极结构的GaN基LED管芯。